What does the term 'latent error' refer to?

The term 'latent error' refers to errors that are systematic and hidden within a system or process. These types of errors often go undetected until a situation triggers their manifestation, potentially leading to significant consequences. Latent errors are typically embedded in the design of a system, the organizational structure, or the workflow, making them difficult to identify and rectify before they lead to an adverse event.

Understanding latent errors is crucial in safety-critical fields such as aviation, where the identification and management of these hidden risks can prevent accidents and promote safer operational practices. In contrast to apparent errors that are easily identified or those that occur due to specific tasks, latent errors often require thorough analysis and proactive measures to uncover and address them.