According to Dr. James Reason, which types of human failure can occur?

Dr. James Reason’s model of human error is widely recognized in the field of aviation safety and human factors. He categorized human failures into two types: active errors and latent conditions. Active errors are the mistakes made by individuals who are directly involved in a task, often occurring at the point of execution. These include slips, lapses, and mistakes that can have immediate consequences.

On the other hand, latent conditions are the underlying factors that contribute to these active errors. They represent flaws in the system such as poor design, inadequate training, or ineffective management practices. Latent conditions may not cause issues immediately but can create a hazardous environment where active failures are more likely to occur.

Understanding these two types of errors is crucial for identifying and mitigating risks within aviation operations, as it allows organizations to focus not only on individual performance but also on systemic factors that can lead to errors. This dual approach is fundamental in enhancing safety and preventing accidents.