In the context of aviation, what is an 'extraneous error'?

An 'extraneous error' refers to mistakes that originate from external influences, which are typically beyond the control of the individual involved. In aviation, this can include environmental factors such as weather conditions, mechanical malfunctions, or other unforeseen events that disrupt operations. These kinds of errors highlight the importance of having contingency plans and considering external variables when developing procedures and protocols to ensure safety and efficiency in flight operations. By recognizing that such factors can introduce mistakes into the aviation process, operators can better prepare and mitigate risks.

The other options focus on errors that are internally driven, such as lack of information, insufficient training, or neglecting established procedures, which can often be addressed with proper training and adherence to protocols.